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Invention History of light bulb, Compass, Electricity, Camara & Microphone. This article explains the history of the invention of the light bulb, Compass, Electricity, Camara & Microphone, the name of the inventors, and the year of the invention.

INVENTION OF THE COMPASS (A Chinese Feng Shui)

Ancient mariners navigated by the stars, but that method didn’t work during the day or on cloudy nights and so it was unsafe to voyage far from land.

The Chinese invented the first compass sometime between the 9th and 11th century; It was made of lodestone, a naturally –magnetized iron ore, the attractive properties of which they had been studying for centuries. Soon after the technology passed to Europeans (Alexander Neckam) and Arabs through nautical contact. The compass enabled mariners to navigate safely far from land, increasing sea trade and contributing to the Age of discovery.

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The invention of light bulb (Thomas Edison)

When all you have is natural light, productivity is limited to daylight hours. Light bulbs changed the world by allowing us to be active at night. According to historians, two dozen people were instrumental in inventing incandescent lamps throughout the 1800s Thomas Edison is credited as the primary invention because he created a completely functional lighting system including a generator and wiring as well as the carbon-filament bulb in 1879.

As well as initiating the introduction of electricity in homes throughout the western world this invention also had a rather unexpected consequence of changing people’s sleep patterns. Instead  of going to bed at nightfall (having nothing else to do) and sleeping in segments throughout the night separated by periods of wakefulness, we now stay up except for the 7 to 8 hours allotted for sleep and, ideally we sleep all in one go

 INVENTION OF ELECTRICITY (BENJAMIN FRANKLIN)

When we flip on a switch, we get electricity instantly and our lights turn on almost like magic but behind this everyday convenience of life is a rich and varied history. It has been a journey of almost 270 years and counting ever since electricity was discovered by Benjamin Franklin to the modern inventions we have today from electric cars zooming around to computers being charged by light.

In 1752, Benjamin Franklin ran his famous kite experiment that sparked the discovery of electricity. As a prominent American founding father, Franklin tied a key to a kite string during a thunderstorm and proved that static electricity and lighting were one and the same thing. Following this historic result, people were eager to try to harness the power of electricity for the primary goal of lighting their homes in a cheap and safe way instead of oil and gas lamps which were flammable and dangerous.

Michael Faraday (1831) realized that an electric current could be produced by passing a magnet through a copper wire. This amazing discovery formed the bedrock of today’s electricity and how we generator (where electricity is converted into motion) and the generator (where motion is converted into electricity) were born. Moving to the invention of the light Bulb by Thomas Edison (1879) to the world’s first modern power Grid, to the shift to alternative and renewable energies, and to Teslas motors-electric cars and Batteries.

INVENTION OF CAMERA

In 1727 the German Professor of Anatomy Johann Heinrich Schulze proved that the darkening of solver salt, as the phenomenon known since the 16th century and possibly earlier, was caused by light and not heat. He demonstrated this fact by using sunlight to record words on the salts, but he made no attempt to preserve the image permanently. His discovery, in combination with the camera Obscura, provided the basic technology necessary for photography. It was not until the early 19th century, however, that photography actually came into being.

Nicephore Niepce, an amateur inventor living southeast of Paris was interested in lithography, a process in which drawings are copied or drawn by hand onto a lithographic stone and then printed in ink. Nor artistically trained, Niepce devise a method by which light could draw the pictures he needed. He oiled an engraving to make it transparent and then placed it on a plate coated with a light-sensitive solution of bitumen of Judea (a type of asphalt) and lavender oil and exposed the setup to sunlight. After a few hours, the solution under the light areas of the engraving hardened, while that under the dark areas remained soft and could be washed away, leaving a permanent, accurate copy of the engraving. Calling the process heliography (sun drawing), Niepce succeeded from 1822 onward in copying oiled engraving onto the lithographic stone, glass, and zinc and from 1826 onto pewter plates.

In 1826/27, using a camera obscura, fitted with a Pewter plate, Niepce produced the first successful photograph from nature a view of the court guard of his country estate, gras, from an upper window of the house. The exposure time was about eight hours, during which the sun moved from east to west so that it appears to shine on both sides of the building. Niepce produced his most successful copy of an engraving portrait of cardinal d’Amboise, in 1826. It was exposed in about three hours and in February 1827 he had the Pewter plate etched to form a printing plate and had two prints pulled. Paper prints were the find aim of Niepce’s heliographic process, yet all his other attempts, whether made by using a camera or by means of engravings were index posed and too weak to be etched. Nevertheless, Niepce’s discoveries showed the Path that others follow with more success.

INVENTION OF THE MICROPHONE (ALEXANDER GRAHAM BALL)

Graham bell was working on the natural existence of sound made by man and animals and was thinking about how this sound could be heard from a distance or in a crowd. He now came up with the idea of the microphone. In 1876 the first microphone consisting of wire which conducted electrical direct current (d. c) was unvented. Audio signals were generated and received by a moving armature transmission was possible from both directions.

Bells’ second transmitting device was a liquid transmitter. He first demonstrated the device at the Philadelphia centennial exposition of 1876. This microphone utilized the available contact principle to provide a more effective method of electrical signal modulation than his previous microphone design.

In 1877, Emile Berliner patented a design based on Bell’s liquid transmitter idea. Berliner’s device used a steel ball placed against a stretched metal diaphragm.

Francis Blake building on Bell’s initial moving armature design, Francis Blake patented a design that used a platinum bead impressed against a hard carbon disc as the variable resistance element. Blake’s device fell short of the initial desired frequency range but became the standard of Bell’s telephone system for years because of its efficiency in modulating telephone signals.

After Francis Blate’s invention using the platinum bead Blake. Then developed a microphone transmitter that loose carbon granule elements. This early microphone design was the precursor to the most widely used microphone type from its invention to the present day, the carbon microphone.

Mr. Steele’s collection contains at least one microphone used by the U.S. military during World War II. The later carbon microphone is identical to those that were in use by the military for radio broadcasting during the 1940s. This particular model was often referred to as the candlestick microphone.

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